Metadata Factsheet

3. Goals and Targets addressed

3a. Goal

Goal A The integrity, connectivity and resilience of all ecosystems are maintained, enhanced, or restored, substantially increasing the area of natural ecosystems by 2050; Human induced extinction of known threatened species is halted, and, by 2050, the extinction rate and risk of all species are reduced tenfold and the abundance of native wild species is increased to healthy and resilient levels; The genetic diversity within populations of wild and domesticated species, is maintained, safeguarding their adaptive potential.

Goal B Biodiversity is sustainably used and managed and nature’s contributions to people, including ecosystem functions and services, are valued, maintained and enhanced, with those currently in decline being restored, supporting the achievement of sustainable development for the benefit of present and future generations by 2050.

3b. Target

Binary indicator for Target 1. Ensure that all areas are under participatory, integrated and biodiversity inclusive spatial planning and/or effective management processes addressing land- and sea-use change, to bring the loss of areas of high biodiversity importance, including ecosystems of high ecological integrity, close to zero by 2030, while respecting the rights of indigenous peoples and local communities.

5. Definitions, concepts and classifications

5a. Definition

4. Biodiversity inclusive approach: Taking into account all relevant information to safeguard biodiversity in spatial planning processes.

5. Integrated spatial planning: A whole-of-government process to create land and sea use plans to achieve social, economic and ecological objectives for sustainable development.

6. Effective management processes: Activities through which evidence-based conservation outcomes are achieved.

7. Participatory approach: Involve stakeholders and rightsholders in all processes of decisionmaking and the long-term effective management, taking into account traditional knowledge, ensuring that the voices of rightsholders and particularly marginalized groups are appropriately taken into account, to support healthy ecosystems, social equity and human rights.

8. Land-use change: Land-use change includes the conversion of land cover (e.g. deforestation or mining), changes in the management of the ecosystem or agro-ecosystem (e.g. through the intensification of agricultural management or forest harvesting) or changes in the spatial configuration of the landscape (e.g. fragmentation of habitats).

9. Sea-use change: Similarly, sea-use change refers to measures and activities altering the use of marine areas, for example, coastal development, offshore aquaculture, mariculture, oil and gas exploration, and bottom trawling.

10. Terrestrial: All lands at or above sea level. These may correspond to the International Union for the Conservation of Nature Global Ecosystem Typology: Tropical-subtropical lowland rainforests (T1), tropical-subtropical dry forests and scrubs (T2), shrublands & shrubby woodlands (T3), savannas and grasslands (T4), deserts and semi-deserts (T5), polar-alpine (T6), Intensive landuse systems (T7).

11. Inland water: All freshwater and/or landlocked waterbodies, including rivers, lakes, inland seas and groundwater. These may correspond to the International Union for the Conservation of Nature Global Ecosystem Typology: Rivers and streams (F1), lakes (F2), palustrine wetlands biome (TF1), artificial freshwaters (F3).

12. Coastal and marine: All connected saline ocean waters characterised by waves, tides and currents. These may correspond to the International Union for the Conservation of Nature Global Ecosystem Typology: Marine shelfs (M1), pelagic ocean waters (M2), deep sea floors (M3), semiconfined transitional waters biome (FM1), shoreline systems biome (MT1), supralittoral coastal systems biome (MT2), brackish tidal systems biome (MFT1), anthropogenic marine systems (M4), anthropogenic shorelines (MT3).

5b. Method of computation

13. This indicator is a binary indicator and must be compiled from the answers to two questions and three sub questions:

(a) 1.1 Are all areas of your country under biodiversity-inclusive spatial planning or effective management processes that:

i. Address land-use (terrestrial) change?

ii. Address land-use (inland water) change?

iii. Address sea-use (coastal and marine) change (will be considered not applicable for landlocked states)?

14. 1.2 If the answer to any of the questions in 1.1 is under development, partially or fully, were the plans created using a participatory process? (Select all that apply, note that if your country is a landlocked state, marine spatial planning will be considered as not relevant)

15. There are four possible answers to each of the options in question 1.1:

(a) No

(b) Under development

(c) Partially

(d) Fully

16. A “No” answer implies that spatial planning is either absent or being done without the explicit inclusion of biodiversity. Spatial planning may be implemented to cover any extent of the country’s terrestrial (1.1a), inland water (1.1b) and coastal and marine (1.1c) areas, if it does not specifically include biodiversity, select “No”.

17. An “Under development” answer implies a concerted effort at the national level to implement biodiversity-inclusive spatial planning to address land- and sea-use change in terrestrial (1.1a), inland water (1.1b) and coastal and marine (1.1c) areas. That is, countries may have spatial planning tools that consider and include biodiversity, but these are not yet being used to address the effects of landand sea-use change. Alternatively, a country may have implemented biodiversity-inclusive spatial planning or effective management processes to address land- and sea-use change, but these are limited to a small amount of the surface area of the country (e.g. only in a single region or province).

18. A “Partially” answer implies that a country is making progress towards having all terrestrial (1.1a), inland water (1.1b) and coastal and marine (1.1c) areas under biodiversity-inclusive spatial planning or effective management processes to address land- and sea-use change. Namely, over half of a country’s area, for each type (terrestrial (1.1a), inland water (1.1b) and coastal and marine (1.1c)), is under biodiversity-inclusive spatial planning or effective management processes.

19. A “Fully” answer implies that all or almost all terrestrial (1.1a), inland water (1.1b) and coastal and marine (1.1c) areas of a country are under biodiversity-inclusive spatial planning or effective management processes to address land- and sea-use change.

20. There are four possible answers to question 1.2:

(a) For terrestrial spatial planning

(b) For inland water spatial planning

(c) For coastal and marine spatial planning

(d) None of the above is participatory

21. Each of the answers here is to be chosen using a “select all that apply” approach. Namely, if any of each type of plans (terrestrial, inland water or coastal and marine) developed by a Party, as indicated in 1.1, were created using a participatory process then select the types of plans to which this applies. In other words, select each option for which the answer to 1.2 is “Yes”. If none of the plans developed by the Party used a participatory process, then select option (d).

5c. Data collection method

5d. Accessibility of methodology

5e. Data sources

5f. Availability and release calendar

5g. Time series

5h. Data providers

5i. Data compilers

5j. Gaps in data coverage

5k. Treatment of missing values

6. Scale

6a. Scale of use

6b. National/regional indicator production

6c. Sources of differences between global and national figures

6d. Regional and global estimates & data collection for global monitoring

6d.1 Description of the methodology

6d.2 Additional methodological details

6d.3 Description of the mechanism for collecting data from countries

7. Other MEAs, processes and organisations

7a. Other MEA and processes

7b. Biodiversity Indicator Partnership

No

10. Data reporter

10.a Organisation

10b. Contact person(s)